Rose, a genus of about 100 perennial shrubs of the Rosaceae. Roses are mainly produced in temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. Many roses are planted in beautiful flowers in various colors, from white to yellow, pink, dark red to reddish-brown, most of which have a pleasant scent. The scent of the rose depends on the variety and the climatic conditions.

Physical characteristics of rose

Roses are vertical, climbing, or tail-growing shrubs, and the stems are usually heavily armed with thorns (often called thorns) of various shapes and sizes. The leaves are small, oval-shaped leaves with alternate wings (i.e., feathery) and generally sharp teeth. Wild rose flowers usually have five petals, and cultivated rose flowers usually have two petals (i.e., multiple petals). Pink flowers vary in size from miniature 1.25 cm (0.5 inches) in diameter to hybrid flowers over 17.5 cm (7 inches) in diameter. The fleshy quality of rose plants is sometimes referred to as an edible berry-like “fruit” (actually a flower cup), usually in a range of red to orange hues.

Roses are susceptible to many diseases, most of which are caused by fungi. Powdery mildew grows as an off-white fungus on the surface of young leaves and stems. Black spots and fungus appear as prominent black spots on the leaves, causing them to fall off. It is a common disease of the green rose. Aphids are common pests on leaves and young stems.

Main species and hybrids

Damascus rose flowers (Rosa × Damascena), and some other flowers are the sources of rose flowers used in perfumes. Many species, especially R. rugosa, produce edible rosehips. Rosehip is a rich source of vitamin C and can be used as candied fruit.